National
Taiwan University
Department of Chemistry
Curriculum
A.
Required Courses
203 101A1/101A2 General Chemistry (A) (1) (2) (3,3)
Atoms, Molecules, and ions; Stoichiometry; Gases; Chemical Equilibrium; Acids and Bases; Aqueous Equilibria; Thermochemistry; Electrochemistry; Atomic Theory; Bonding and Orbitals; Chemical Kinetics; Liquids and Solids; Solutions; Descriptive Chemistry of Elements; Transition Metal and Coordination Chemistry; Nuclear Chemistry; Introductory Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry.
203 10501/10502 General Chemistry Lab (1) (2) (1,1)
203 211A1/211A2 Analytical Chemistry (A) (1) (2) (3,3)
Prerequisites: General Chemistry (A) and General Chemistry Lab
Contents:(1): Basic Concept of Chemical Analysis; Application of
Statistical Analysis; Gravimetric Methods of Analysis; Aqueous Solution Chemistry and Equilibrium; Titrimetric Methods of Analysis and their Applications; Precipitation, Neutralization, Oxidation/Reduction and Complex-Formation Titrations; Titration Curve of Complicated Systems; Introduction of Electrochemistry.
(2): Introduction to Electroanalytical Methods; Potentiometric,
Electrogravimetric, Coulometric and Voltammetric Methods; Introduction of Chromatography; Gas Chromatography, High Performance Liquid Chromatography; Supercritical Fluid Chromatography; Capillary Electrophoresis and Other Separation Methods; Automatic Methods of Analysis.
203 215A1/215A2 Analytical Chemistry Lab (A) (1) (2) (2,2)
203 222A1/222A2 Organic Chemistry (A) (1) (2) (4,4)
Prerequisites: General Chemistry (A) and General Chemistry Lab
Contents: General Principle of Organic Chemistry, Including: Characteristics
of Functional Groups, Synthesis, Reaction Mechanism, Stereochemistry and Spectroscopy in Organic Chemistry
203 225A1/225A2 Organic Chemistry Lab (A) (1) (2) (2,2)
203 31100 Instrumental Methods of Analysis (3)
Prerequisites: Analytical Chemistry (A) and Analytical Chemistry Lab (A)
Content: Instrumental Methods of Analysis; Introduction to Electronics and Instruments of Optical Spectroscopy; Introduction to Atomic Spectroscopy; Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy Based Upon Flame, Electrothermal, Plasma, Arc, Sparc Atomization; Introduction to Molecular Spectroscopy; Ultraviolet, Visible, Near-Infrared, Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy; Fluorescence, Phosphorescence, Chemiluminescence and Raman Spectroscopy; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mass Spectroscopy; Analysis of Surfaces with X-Ray and Electron Beams; Radiochemical Methods; Thermal Methods
203 31200 Instrumental Methods of Analysis Lab (1)
203 33110 Physical Chemistry (I) (3)
Prerequisites: General Chemistry (A), General Physics (A) and Calculus (A)
Contents: Gas, Liquid; The Three Laws of Thermodynamics; Free Energy and Chemical Equilibrium; Properties of Solutions; Electrochemistry and Thermodynamics of Surface
203 33120 Physical Chemistry (II) (3)
Prerequisites: General Chemistry (A) and Mathematics for Chemists (or Equivalent Courses)
Contents: Uncertainty Principle; Schrödinger Equation; Operators; Angular Momentum; Harmonic Motion; Hydrogen Atom; Variation Method; Perturbation Theory
203 33130 Physical Chemistry (III) (3)
Contents: Basic Concept of Kinetics; Data Analysis of Kinetics; Activation Energy; Principle of Reaction Rate; Basic Gas Phase Reactions; Basic and Complex Reactions in Solution; Homogeneous Catalysis; Isotope Effect
203 33201/33202 Physical Chemistry Lab (1) (2) (2,2)
Contents: Experiments of Thermochemistry and Electrochemistry; Determination of Chemical Reaction Equilibrium; Determination of Surface Tension, Viscosity, Dielectric Constant; Reaction Rate and Computer Simulation
203 34101 Inorganic Chemistry (1) (3)
Contents: Atomic Structure; Molecular Structure; Molecular Shape and Symmetry; Solid Structure; Acid and Base; Oxidation and Reduction
203 34102 Inorganic Chemistry (2) (3)
Contents: Descriptive Chemistry; Metal, Hydrogen and Their Compounds, Families of Boron, Carbon , Nitrogen, Oxygen, Halogen and Inert Gases; Structures and Electronic Spectroscopy of Complexes; Reaction Mechanism of Complexes; Organometallic Compounds; Catalysis; Solid State Chemistry; Inorganic Biochemistry
203 40301/40302 Seminar (1) (2) (2,2)
223 D0010 Disseration (Ph.D.) (12)
223 M0010 Thesis (M.S.) (6)
223 D0020 Research Training (Ph.D.) (1)
223 M0020 Research Training (M.S.) (1)
223 D0030 Seminar (Ph.D.) (1)
223 M0030 Seminar (M.S.) (1)
223 D0080 Thesis Writing in English (0)
223 D1130 Discussion in Advanced Analytical Chemistry (I) (3)
223 M1130 Advanced Analytical Chemistry (I) (3)
Contents: A. Fundamentals of Spectroscopic Methods: Introduction to the Basic Optical Elements; Signal Processing; Methodology of Spectroscopic Analysis; Atomic and Molecular Spectrometers; Principles and Applications of the Analytical Methods in Fluorescence, Room-Temperature Phosphorescence and Biospectroscopy
B. Introduction to Trace Analysis: Principles and Applications of
Pre-Concentration Techniques; Types of Errors and Control of Contaminates; Principles of Gas Phase, Liquid Phase and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography, Mechanism and Applications of Separation; Principle, Models, Instruments and Applications of Capillary Electrophoresis; Applications of Kinetics; Automatic Methods of Analysis
C. Introduction of Material Analysis: Characteristics of Materials; Analytical Methods of Surface; Chemical Reactions on Material Surface; Chemical Absorption on Material Surface; Instruments of Material Analysis; Components of Instruments; Signal Transformation; Rectification and Amplification of Semiconductors; Instrument Designing; Principles of Measurement; Electron and Particle Spectrometers
223 D1140 Discussion in Advanced Analytical Chemistry (II) (3)
223 M1140 Advanced Analytical Chemistry (II) (3)
Contents: A. Introduction to Separation Methods of Analysis: Basic Principles of Ion Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis; Separation, Detection Methods and Their Applications
B. Surface Phenomena of Electrodes: Comparison Between Solution and Surface; Nonhomogeneous Electrons and Materials Transfer; Timing Reaction of Nernst Equation; Hydrodynamics; Spectroscopic Electrochemistry; Introduction and Basic Principles of Laser; Types of Laser Light Source; Current and Coulometric Methods; Polarographics; Cyclic Voltametry; Reversible and Irreversible Electrochemical Reactions; Application of Electrocatalysis
C. Introduction to Molecular Emission Spectroscopy: Principles and Instruments of Fluorescence Spectroscopy; Timing Fluorescence and Its Instruments; Fluoropolarization; Application of Fluorescence Spectroscopy in Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Biomedicine, Immunodetection
D. Statistics for Analytical Chemistry: Errors in Analysis; Significance Tests; Regression and Correlation; Detection Limit; Analysis or Variance; Sampling; Quality Control and Quality Assurance; Experimental Design and Optimization
223 D1230 Discussion in Advanced Organic Chemistry (I) (4)
223 M1230 Advanced Organic Chemistry (I) (4)
Contents: Methods and Strategy of Organic Synthesis, Including Oxidation / Reduction Reactions, Conversion Between Protecting Group and Functional Group, C-C Bond Formation and Construction of Organic Molecules via Organometallic Reactions, Condensation of Aldehyde and Ketone, Cycloaddition, Photochemical Reactions, Free Radical Reactions. Especially Concentrating on Discussion of Reaction Selectivity and Examples of Natural Products Synthesis
223 D1240 Discussion in Advanced Organic Chemistry (II) (4)
223 M1240 Advanced Organic Chemistry (II) (4)
Contents: Basic Principles and Reaction Mechanism, Including Acid and Base, Nuleophilic Substitution, Electrophilic Substitution, Elimination, Addition, Free Radical Reactions, Rearrangement, Cyclization and Photochemistry
223 D1310 Discussion in Advanced Physical Chemistry (I) (3)
223 M1310 Advanced Physical Chemistry (I) (3)
223 D1320 Discussion in Advanced Physical Chemistry (II) (3)
223 M1320 Advanced Physical Chemistry (II) (3)
Contents: Basic Postulations of Quantum Mechanics; Schrödinger Equation; Harmonic Oscillator; Angular Momentum; Time-Independent Perturbation Theory; Variation Methods; Atoms and Molecules
223 D1330 Discussion in Advanced Physical Chemistry (III) (3)
223 M1330 Advanced Physical Chemistry (III) (3)
Contents:
1.Density Matrix Methods:Density Matrix, Pauli Master Equation, Electronic Relaxation and Excitation Energy Transfer , Vibrational Relaxation , Derivation of the PME by the Projection Operator Method , Master Equation for a System Embedded in a Heat Bath , Absorption Spectroscopy;
2.Pump Probe Experiments:General
Theory, Generalized Susceptibility, Adiabatic Approximation , Band-shape
Function
, Band-shape Function
, Numerical Demonstrations
3.Time-resolved Fluorescence
Spectroscopy:General
Theory, Adiabatic Approximation , Band-shape Function
, Band-shape Function
, Numerical Demonstrations
223 D1410 Discussion in Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (I) (3)
223 M1410 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (I) (3)
Contents: Group Theory; Atomic Spectroscopy of Free Ions; LS Coupling; Ligand Field Theory; Crystal Field Theory; Difference Between Strong and Week Field; Molecular Orbital Theory of Complexes; Electronic Spectroscopy, Vibrational and Rotational Spectroscopy of Complexes; Symmetry and Reaction Path; Coordination Chemistry; Catalysis; Solrd State Chemistry
223 D1420 Discussion in Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (II) (3)
223 M1420 Advanced Inorganic Chemistry (II) (3)
Contents: Physical Methods in Inorganic Chemistry: Electronic Spectroscopy, Magnetic and Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy, Vibrational and Rotational Spectroscopy of Complexes; Nuclean Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Mössbauer; X-ray Diffraction.
223 U0760 Teaching Practice in Chemistry (0)
B. Selectives
203 20110 Mathematics for Chemists (3)
Contents: Linear Vector Space; Matrix; Eigenvalue Problem; Special Functions Variation Method; Perturbation Theory; Ordinary Differential Equations; Fourier Analysis; Complex Variables
203 32100/32200 Organic Analysis (0,2) / Organic Analysis Lab (0,2)
Prerequisite: Organic Chemistry (A)
Contents: Methods for System Separation and Characterization, Including: Chromatography, Purity Identification, Measurement of Physical Properties and Molecular Weights, Characterization of Molecular Structure (Including: Spectroscopy, Mass Spectroscopy and Specific Methods); Separation and Characterization of Unknown Organic Molecules
203 32310 Special Topics in Organic Chemistry (I) (2)
Contents: Properties, Preparations and Reactions of Heterocyclic Compounds and Carbohydrates
203 32320 Special Topics in Organic Chemistry (II) (2)
Contents: Reaction Mechanism and Application of Molecular Orbital Theory
203 32330 Special Topics in Organic Chemistry (III) (2)
Contents: Preparation and Conversion of Multifunctional Compounds
203 40100 Thesis (B.S.)
203 49110/49120 Research Training (I) (II)
223 U0130 Electrochemistry (3)
Contents: Surface Phenomena of Electrodes; Comparison Between Solution and Surface; Nonhomogeneous Electron and Material Transfer; Nernst Equation; Timing Current and Coulometric Methods; Polarographics; Cyclic Voltametry; Reversible and Irreversible Electrochemical Reactions; Electrocatalytic Reactions; Hydrodynamics; Spectroscopic Electrochemistry
223 U0150 Analytical Mass Spectrometry (3)
Contents: Mass Analyser; Ionization Methods; Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry; Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis; Collision-Induced Dissociation; Mass/Mass Spectrometry; Fragmentation Pathway; Applications in Biomedical and Environmental Protection
223 U0170 Data Analysis and Applied Electronics (2)
Contents: Statistics for Analytical Chemistry: Errors in Analysis; Significance Tests; Regression and Correlation; Detection Limit; Analysis or Variance; Sampling; Quality Control and Quality Assurance; Experimental Design and Optimization; Electronics - Analogical and Digital Elements; Signal and Noise Processing
223 U0180 Chemical Application of Microcomputer (3)
Contents: Hardware, Components of Microcomputer and Their Functions; Hardware System DIY, Servicing and Upgrading; Software Introduction --- Systematic Program Language, Language Program, Package Program, Numerical Package; Chemical Applications --- Application in General Figures, Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, Quantum Chemistry, Spectroscopy, and Chromatography
203 U0190 Special Topics in Analytical Chemistry (3)
Contents: A. Spectrochemical Analysis: Basic Elements of Spectrometer; Selection of Spectroscopic Methods; Atomic Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy; Discussion in Excitaion Mechanism; Molecular Absorption and Luminescence; Raman Spectroscopy
B. Chemical Separation Dynamics; Formation and Resolution of Chromatographic Belt; Discussion in Separation Optimization; Classification of Separation Methods; Basic Principles and Applications of Gas, Liquid and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography; Capillary Electrophoresis and Field Liquid Fraction?
C. Analytical Technology of Surface Material; Preparation of Thin Film Material; Crystal Growth; Vacuum, Super-Vacuum Technology and Instruments; Chemical Reactions of Surface Material; Material Analysis Instruments; Theory and Computer Stimulation Methods of Surface Chemical Analysis; Application in Photoelectronics, Environmental Protection and Petrochemical Industry
223 U0220 Organic Synthesis (II) (2)
Contents: Total Synthesis of Complex Organic Molecules, Including Synthetic Designing and Method Selection
223 U0230 Organic Photochemistry (3)
Contents: Discussion in Theory and Mechanism of Organic Photochemistry --- Addition, Substitution, Cyclization, Isomerization, Rearrangement, Fragmentation and Chemical Luminescence Reaction
223 U0240 Natural Products Chemistry (2)
Contents: Introduction to Classification of Structure of Natural Products; Extraction, Separation, Purification; Characterization of Chemical Structure (Physical and Chemical Methods); Biosynthesis; Specific Discussion (Including Relationship Between Drug Development and Natural Products Chemistry)
223 U0250 Special Topics in Advanced Organic Chemistry (I) (3)
Contents: Research Methods for Reaction Mechanism
223 U0260 Special Topics in Advanced Organic Chemistry (II) (3)
Contents: Stereochemistry
223 U0270 Chemistry of Organosilicon Compounds (2)
Contents: Nomenclature and Classification of Organosilicon Compounds; Specification of Silicon Chemistry; Synthesis and Application of Organosilicon Materials
223 U0280 Special Topics in Advanced Organic Chemistry (III) (2)
Contents: IR, UV and 1H NMR
223 U0290 Special Topics in Advanced Organic Chemistry (IV) (2)
Contents: 13C NMR, Mass Spectroscopy and All Round Discussion
223 U0300 Special Topics in Advanced Organic Chemistry (V) (2)
223 U0310 Special Topics in Physical Chemistry (I) (3)
This
course will cover :
1.
Physical Chemistry of Gases, Liquids and Supercritical Fluids;
2.
Chemistry Bonding.
223 U0320 Special Topics in Physical Chemistry (II) (3)
223 U0350 Magnetic Resonance (3)
Contents: Principle of Magnetic Resonance; Chemical Shift; Spin-Spin Coupling; Spin Magnetization and Relaxation; NMR Imaging; Liquid and Solid NMR
223 U0370 Statistical Thermodynamics (3)
1. Thermodynamics,Fundamentals
2. Conditions for Equilibrium and Stability
3. Statistical Mechanics
4. Non-Interacting (Ideal) Systems
5. Statistical Mechanical Theory of Phase
6. Monte Carlo Method in Statistical Mechanics
7. Classical Fluids
8. Statistical Mechanics of Non-Equilibrium Systems
223 U0380 Special Topics in Physical Chemistry (III) (3)
Spectroscopy of Diatomic Moleculs
223 U0420 Laser Chemistry (3)
Contents: Atomic Spectroscopy; Spectroscopy of Diatomic Molecules; Spectroscopy of Polyatomic Molecules; Spin-Orbital Coupling; Hyperfine Structure; Rotational and Vibrational Energy Levels; Electron Configuration; Selection Rule; Effects of Electric and Magnetic Field on Atoms and Molecules; Molecular Symmetry Group; Latest Development of Laser Spectroscopic Technology
223 U0430 Special Topics in Inorganic Chemistry (I) (3)
223 U0440 Special Topics in Inorganic Chemistry (II) (3)
223 U0450 Special Topics in Inorganic Chemistry (III) (3)
Contents: Reaction Mechanism Determination and Classification; Substitution Reactions of Tetra, Penta, Hexa-Coordinated Compounds; Stereochemistry; Oxidation and Reduction; Addition and Elimination; Mechanism of Catalysis
223 U0460 Basic Inorganic Chemistry (3)
223 U0470 From Molecular Compounds to Advanced Materials (3)
Contents: Introduction to Important Chemical Materials From Point of View in Molecular Structure, Mainly in Two Parts: Organic Materials --- Nonlinear Optical Materials, Liquid Crystal Materials, Photo-Color-Changing Materials, Photoresistant Film; Inorganic Materials --- Electrical, Photo, Magnetic Properties and Super Conductive Phenomena of Solid Inorganic Compounds
223 U0530 Catalyst Chemistry (3)
Contents: Theories, Characterization and Applications of Heterogeneous Catalysts; Absorption Phenomenon; Rate and Kinetic Models of Catalytic Reactions; Characterization of Physical and Chemical Properties; Surface Characterization; Supported Metal Catalysts; Zeolites and Acid-Base Catalysts; Metal Oxide Catalysts and Oxidation; Important Examples of Heterogeneous Catalysis
223 U0540 Special Topics in Polymer Chemistry (3)
Contents: Basic Concept, Synthetic Methods, Reaction Mechanism and Molecular Weight Determination of Polymer Chemistry
223 U0550 Organometallic Chemistry (2)
Contents: General Characteristics of Organometallic Chemistry: Coordination Chemistry and 18 Electrons Rule, Oxidation State, Coordination Number and Geometrical Structure; Ligands of Organometallic Compounds: Metal-Alkanes, Aromatic, Hydrogen, Carbonyl Group and Ligands for p Coordination; Basic Organometallic Reactions: Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination, Insertion and Elimination, Nucleophilic and Electrophilic Addition; Homogeneous Catalyst Chemistry: Catalytic Cycle, Industrial Application; Special Topics: Alkene Interconversion and Polymerization, Small Molecules Activation, Organic Synthetic Application
223 U0570/U0580 Homogeneous Catalysis (I) (II) (2)
223 U0590 Crystallography (3)
Contents: Crystal Structure Analysis, Basic Concept of Diffraction, Diffraction Space and Real 3D Space, Point Group; Crystal and Space Group; Geometrical Relationship of Diffraction, Methods of Space Group Determination, Experimental Data Analysis, Phase Problem, Refinement and Result Analysis, Peterson Map Heavy Element Method and Direct Method, Reliability of Structure Analysis
223 U0620 Chemical Kinetics (3)
Contents: Potential Energy Surface; Bimolecular Collision Theory; Activity versus Chemical State; Unimolecular Reaction; Reaction Dynamics and Related Experimental Methods
223 U0630 Molecular Structure and Laser Spectroscopy (2)
223 U0660 Computational Chemistry (3)
223 U0670 The Spectroscopy of Condensed Phase (2)
Starting from the molecular spectroscopy of small molecules and molecular clusters, we will discuss the spectroscopy in condensed phase.
This Course will cover:
1. Rotational, Vibrational and Electronic Spectroscopies of Gas-Phase Molecules.
2. Spectroscopy of Molecular Clusters.
3. Nonlinear Molecular Spectroscopy
4. Linear and Nonlinear Surface Molecular Spectroscopy
5. Vibrational and Electronic States of Condensed Matters
6. Molecular Spectroscopy in Liquids:
(1). Linear and Nonliner
(2). Energy Transfer
7. The Electronic Excitations and Spectrum in Solid State Materials
223 U0680 Molecular Modeling (2)
•Qualitative Moleculer Orbital Theory
•Hückel and Extended Hückel Methods
•Semiemprical Methods
•ab initio Calculations and Density Functional Theory
•Molecular Mechanics
•Monte Carlo and Molecular Dynamical Simulations
223 U0720 Bioorganic Chemistry (2)
Contents: Description of Life Phenomena: Including Protein, Nucleic Acid and Carbohydrate Chemistry, Also Involving Biosynthetic Molecules and Pathway
223 U0730 Chemical Principles & Its Applications (2)
223 U0740 Bioanalytical Chemistry (3)
1. Introduction: General Principles and Applications of Analytical Biochemistry
2. Preparation, Separation, Purification, and Identification of Biological Samples
3. Principles of Separation Techniques and Their Applications
4. Principle of Spectroscopic Methods and Their Applications
5. Principles of Electroanalytical Methods and Their Applications
6. Principles of Radioactive Methods and Their Applications
7. Automated Methods of Analysis
8. Principles of Immunological Methods and Their Applications
9. Analysis of Enzymes
10. Analysis of Carbohydrates
11. Analysis of Amino Acids
12. Analysis of Proteins
13. Analysis of Lipids
13. Analysis of Nucleic Acids
223 U0750 Introduction to Life Science (2)
223 U0770 Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation Related Research (2)
Introduction to the current status and future development of Synchrotron Radiation Center in Taiwan, Basic Theories of Synchrotron Radiation, Applications of Synchrotron Radiation- Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS), Vacuum UV Absorption-Emission Spectra, Vacuum UV X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Synchrotron Radiation IR spectra, Applications of Synchrotron Radiation in Catalysis, Pharmaceutical, Chemistry, Materials and Industry.
223 U0790 Solid State Chemistry (3)
1. Introduction to Crystal Structures
2. Preparation Methods
3. Bonding and Electronic Properties of Solids
4. Defects and Nonstoichiometric
5. Magnetic Properties and Theories
6. Transition Metal Oxides
7. Superconductivity
223 U0810 Chemistry & Life (2)
1. Chemistry of DNA: PCR and DNA sequencing in forensic applications.
2. Protein Structures: Alzheimer’s disease and mad cow disease.
3. Plant Chemistry: Anti-cancer ingredients of green tea, garlic and onion.
4. Lipid Chemistry: Spermaceti oil.
5. Carbohydrate Chemistry: Sweetness of sugarcane.
223 U0820 Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (2)
Development of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Continuous Wave and Pulse mod of NMR
Basic Principle of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Instrumentation
Vector Model: Motion of Magnetic Nuclear Spin in Magnetic Field
NOE Effect and Mechanism of Nuclear Relaxation
One and Two Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
NMR Spectra of Organic and Biological Molecules
223 U0830 Material Surface Analysis (3)
223 U0840 Bioinorganic Chemistry (2)
The Systems and Methods of Bio-inorganic Chemistry
Emphasis will be on metalloenzymes
223 U0850 Spectrochemical Analysis & Biotechnique (3)
Spectrochemical Analysis (Molecular Absorption and Luminescence); Chromatography (Capillary Electrophoresis and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography); Optical Sensor; Introduction to Bioanalytical Chemistry; Enzyme Immunoassay; Miniature Biotechniques, and Other Sensitive Techniques.
223 U0860 Biochemistry (3)
This course is organized around the theme of nucleic acids as central molecules of biochemistry. We will focus on the structure-function relationship of biomolecules and introduce the dynamic properties of biological systems from the point of view of chemists. It is divided into four major part:
I. Molecules and Life -- Sets the stage for future studies.
II. Dynamic Function of Biomolecules -- Initiates a discussion of the conformational side of biochemistry and focuses on the structures and dynamic functions of the proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
III. Storage and Transfer of Biological Information -- Defines the informational side of biochemistry and their role in the storage and transfer of biological instructions.
IV. Metabolism and Energy -- Focuses on bioenergetics and metabolism.